人致结构振动计算中随机人群行为的模拟

SIMULATION OF RANDOM CROWD BEHAVIOUR FOR HUMAN-INDUCED VIBRATION CALCULATION

  • 摘要: 人行结构(如:人行天桥)的动力设计中,人致结构振动舒适度往往决定最终的结构设计方案。为满足舒适度要求,一般需要将结构振动水平控制在舒适度指标范围内。因此,在设计阶段,准确预测人致结构振动水平十分关键。为准确施加步行荷载,需要预先知道结构建成之后其上面活动的人群行为,如:行走路径和速度等。该文采用修正后的社会力模型,该模型能考虑不同的人群密度、所处地域、行走目的和方向,还能考虑行人到达结构的时间、初始位置、初始行走速度等的随机性。通过模拟一个典型桥面上的随机人群,展示了该模型的适用性。模拟结果表明:跟自由行走不同,人群中,行人的行走路径和速度因受他人和周围环境的影响而实时变化;行走路径不按直线路线;行走速度低于自由行走速度。相应地,人群作为一个整体,行人位置分布实时变化;人群平均速度也实时变化且低于自由行走速度,待人群稳定后,在稳定范围内波动。该文工作可为准确施加步行荷载提供思路。

     

    Abstract: In the dynamic design of pedestrian structures, vibration serviceability assessment is based on the comparison between the predicted human-induced vibrations and the relevant comfort levels. To obtain reliable predictions, walking trajectories and speeds of pedestrians are required to apply the walking loads. Thus, a modified social force model in normal conditions is applied to simulate crowd behaviour on pedestrian structures. This model considers crowds with different densities, geographic areas, travel purposes and directions. Also, different arrival times, initial positions, and initial walking speeds are considered. An illustrative example is presented. Simulation results show that, for pedestrians in the crowd, their walking trajectories are not along straight lines when they are in the state of free walking. Walking speeds show inter- and intra-subject variabilities, and the mean value is lower than that of free walking speed. The global distribution of pedestrians in the crowd varies with time. All these can provide information and reference for getting reliable crowd walking load.

     

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