Abstract: Accurate characterization of the strength of fiber reinforced composites is one of the core issues in the study of the mechanical properties of composites. Carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates are studied in this paper. Based on the macro-mesoscopic multi-scale analysis method, the mesoscopic failure criteria of matrix and fiber are given according to the physical failure mode of the composites. The effect of matrix failure on the axial mechanical properties of the composite laminates is considered. A new stiffness degradation method is proposed to accurately characterize the damage evolution process of the composite laminates. By adopting a four-point bending model, the analysis of multi-scale interactive progressive damage and experimental verification of the composite laminates are carried out. The results show that the simulation of the macro-mesoscopic interactive progressive damage analysis based on the multi-scale method is consistent with the experimental results. The new stiffness degradation method can accurately simulate the failure process of composite laminates.