Abstract: A high-accuracy cylindrical artificial boundary condition (ABC) for water-cylinder dynamic interaction problem is presented to simulate the truncated infinite domain. Firstly, according to the wave equation and boundary conditions for the three-dimensional compressible water, an exact ABC that is global in time and space is developed by using the method of separation of variables. Secondly, the dynamic-stiffness of the cylindrical ABC is rewritten as a nested form of the two-dimensional linear and circular dynamic-stiffness. Thirdly, a high-accuracy ABC that is local in time but global in space is obtained by applying the temporal localization method. Fourthly, the resulted high-accuracy ABC is discretized using finite element method. Lastly, a symmetric second-order ordinary differential equations in time is developed by coupling the results with the finite element equation of the near field. The finite equation can be solved by explicit time integration algorithm. Numerical example demonstrates that the presented ABC is accurate, efficient and stable.