VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF A FLOOR SYSTEM BASED ON PROBABILISTIC HUMAN-INDUCED FORCE MODEL
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摘要: 为评估实际楼板结构在可能承受的人行荷载作用下的振动性能, 运用动力测试和数值模拟相结合的方法对某实际楼板结构进行了动力特性及人行激励下的概率性响应分析。首先利用基于频响函数的冲击动力测试, 识别了楼板结构实际的模态参数。然后考虑各行人个体产生激励的差异性及随机的人行路径等因素, 构建了不同随机步态参数组合的单人及人群多分量荷载模型;基于动力测试所得的模态特性, 分别计算了在所构建的概率性荷载作用下的多模态响应;对得到的大量响应样本统计分析得到了单人及人群行走荷载下的响应分布以及某一振动水平发生的概率;结果表明人致振动响应服从近似的正态分布, 行人随机性的步态参数中步频对响应的分布起控制作用, 此外得到的响应分布特性可对实际楼板结构的人致振动进行概率性的评估。在人群荷载响应计算时, 对测得的人活动加速度响应进行自由衰减响应分析得到不同加速度水平时结构基本模态特性的变化, 结果表明频率随振动加速度幅值的变化相对较小, 而阻尼的变化相对较明显。该文研究可为类似工程的人致振动概率性评估提供参考。Abstract: In order to evaluate the vibration performance of actual floor system under probabilistic human activity excitations, dynamic characteristics and probabilistic responses are investigated by in-situ dynamic measurements and numerical simulations. Firstly, frequency response function based shaker modal testing is conducted and the actual modal parameters are identified. Then, probabilistic multi-harmonic walking force models, both for single person walking and for crowd walking, are established, in which the variability of the walking individual and random walking paths are included. The multi-mode responses are calculated under probabilistic walking loads based on the identified modal parameters. Statistical analysis for obtained response samples is performed to get the response distribution and the probability of certain vibration level. Results show that the human-induced vibration response approximately follows normal distribution, and walking frequency plays a dominant role to the response distribution. In addition, probabilistic evaluation for human-induced vibration response can be conducted based on the obtained response distribution characteristics. In the process of crowd walking response analysis, the free decay response analysis for tested acceleration response is conducted to obtain the variation of modal properties of floor under different response levels. Results show that the variation of natural frequency with different response levels is small, but the variation of modal damping ratios is relatively obvious. The results can provide a reference for probabilistic evaluation of human-induced vibration of the similar structure.
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