Abstract: The interactive coupling of pulse-frequency and stochastic high-frequency components in near-fault ground motions leads to significant uncertainties in the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges, elevating their potential risk of damage. To quantify the influence patterns of different frequency components on the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges, it takes a single-pylon sea-spanning cable-stayed bridge as objective, and the near-fault original ground motions as well as the pulse、residential frequency components decomposed by wavelet transform is selected as the earthquake inputs. The effect of pulse and residential components on the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridge is explored. Based on dimensionless indices characterizing near-fault ground motions and cable-stayed bridge response characteristics, the range of influence of different frequency components on the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges is revealed, and a predictive model for the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges considering pulse effects is developed. The results show that residential frequency has a significant effect on dynamic response of cable-stayed bridge when the pulse period deviates from the bridge’s fundamental period; The fitted curves of dimensionless indicators (ΦVSI, ΦEPV, ΦHI, T1/Tp) and the response ratios of pulse and high-frequency components exhibit an intersecting characteristic. When the values of dimensionless parameters exceed the intersection point, the pulse component becomes the dominant factor in the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges; The established model demonstrates predictive errors of 17.8%, 19.2%, and 12.3% for displacements at critical locations including the pylon top, girder end, and pier top respectively, reproducing with reasonable accuracy the nonlinear dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges under near-fault pulse-like ground motions. The present study aims to offer guidance for the seismic resistant design of cable-stayed bridges in proximal near-fault zones.