三枕捣固作业过程中道砟细观运动及能量演变分析

ANALYSIS ON MESOSCOPIC MOVEMENT AND ENERGY EVOLUTION OF BALLAST DURING THREE-SLEEPER TAMPING OPERATION

  • 摘要: 使用大型捣固车对有砟轨道进行作业,是改善道床质量状态最有效方法和通用手段,是保障列车安全运营的必然选择。但我国大型养路机械源于引进国外技术,对捣固车捣固作业机理认识不足,无法进行科学养护维修。为加深对目前铁路养修作业中常用DWL-48捣固稳定车的三枕捣固装置作业过程的认识,该文借助离散元与多体动力学协同仿真分析方法,建立了三枕捣固装置-轨排-有砟道床三维空间精细化耦合仿真模型,并结合现场实测结果验证了模型的正确性,分析了捣固作业动态过程中道砟颗粒平动、转动特性及能量演变规律。研究结果表明:捣镐对道砟颗粒平动、转动和能量的影响主要位于枕下0 mm~175 mm区域;道砟颗粒速度与角速度变化规律具有很好的同步性,有助于快速填充枕下空隙。捣固作业过程中捣镐采用“道砟平动为主,转动为辅”的方式填充枕下空隙,并且在该过程中伴随着道砟颗粒平动动能、旋转动能逐渐向道砟颗粒势能的不断演变。

     

    Abstract: Utilizing large tamping vehicles to maintain the ballasted track is the most effective method and general mean to improve the quality of ballast bed, which is also the inevitable choice to ensure the safety of train operation. However, the large maintenance machinery in China originates from the foreign technology, which leads to insufficient understanding of the tamping operation mechanism of tamping vehicles and makes it impossible to carry out scientific maintenance. To improve the understanding of the operation process of the three-sleeper tamping machine of DWL-48 tamping and stabilizing vehicles commonly used in railway maintenance, a three-dimensional fine coupling simulation model of three-sleeper tamping machine-track row-ballast bed was established using discrete and multi-body dynamics collaborative simulation analysis method. The correctness of the model was verified by the field experimental results. The translational and rotational characteristics and energy evolution of ballast particles in the dynamic process of tamping operation were analyzed. The result shows that the impact of tamping picks on the translation, rotation and energy of ballast particles is mainly located in the area 0 mm-175 mm below the sleeper. The variation law of ballast particle velocity and angular velocity has good synchronization, which facilitate quickly filling the gap under the sleeper. During the tamping operation, the tamping pick fills the gap under the sleeper in the way of “mainly translation, secondary rotation”, with gradual evolution of the translational kinetic energy and rotational kinetic energy of ballast particles to the potential energy.

     

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