RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF RUBBER ISOLATION PAD FOR COMPRESSOR UNDER DIFFERENT PRELOADS AND THERMAL OXYGEN AGING CONDITIONS
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摘要: 揭示热氧老化条件下不同预载的隔振脚垫动态特性机理是空调器压缩机隔振系统匹配的关键所在。该文引入Peck模型表征热氧老化因子，并运用包含热氧老化因子的分数导数Kelvin-Voigt摄动模型和Coulomb摩擦摄动模型分别描述其频率依赖性和振幅依赖性，建立了考虑变预载影响的隔振脚垫热氧老化-动态特性模型。进一步辨识了不同预载条件下的模型参数，通过试验数据验证了模型的正确性，创新提出了刚度转变点和刚度转变频率的概念以更好地描述服役后变预载、变振幅工况下橡胶隔振脚垫的软化效应。为深入研究空调压缩机与隔振脚垫的刚度匹配与橡胶配方的优化设计奠定理论基础。Abstract: Revealing the dynamic characteristic mechanism of the rubber isolation pad (RIP) with different preloads and thermal oxygen aging conditions is the key to match the vibration isolation system of the air conditioner compressor. The Peck model is first introduced to characterize the thermal oxygen aging factor, and the fractional derivative Kelvin-Voigt perturbation model and the Coulomb friction perturbation model including the thermal oxygen aging factor are established to describe the frequency dependence and the amplitude dependence, respectively. The model for the thermal oxygen aging-dynamic characteristic of the RIP is built by considering the influence of variable preloads. The model parameters under different preloads are further identified, and the correctness of the model is verified by the experimental data. The concepts of stiffness transition points and stiffness transition frequencies are innovatively proposed to better describe the softening effect of the RIP under variable preload and amplitude conditions after service. These can lay a theoretical foundation for the in-depth study on the stiffness matching of an air conditioner compressor with the RIP and on the optimization design of rubber formula.
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图 2 橡胶隔振脚垫热氧老化-动态特性模型
Figure 2. Mathematical model of thermal oxygen aging-dynamic characteristic of RIP
图 7 热氧老化前后迟滞回线(振幅1.0 mm)
Figure 7. Hysteresis loop before and after thermal oxygen aging (amplitude 1.0 mm)
图 8 不同预载下热氧老化前后动刚度和损耗因子(振幅0.5 mm)
Figure 8. Dynamic stiffness and loss factor before and after thermal oxygen aging under different preloads (amplitude 0.5 mm)
图 9 不同振幅下热氧老化前、后动刚度(预载55 N)
Figure 9. Dynamic stiffness before and after thermal oxygen aging under different amplitudes (preload 55 N)
图 10 热氧老化前、后不同预载条件下隔振脚垫各子模型动刚度(振幅0.5 mm)
Figure 10. The dynamic stiffness of each sub-model of the vibration isolation pad under different preload conditions before and after thermal oxygen aging (amplitude 0.5 mm)
表 1 不同温度下热氧老化硬度变化5 HA的时间
Table 1. Thermal oxygen aging hardness change time of 5 HA at different temperatures
温度/(℃) 未老化 90 100 110 120 硬度/HA 32 37 37 37 37 老化时间/h − 216 96 48 24 
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表 2 热氧老化参数辨识
Table 2. Parameters identification of thermal oxygen aging
温度/(℃) 热加速系数C1/(×10−2 s−1) 摩尔气体常数R/(J·mol−1·K−1) 活化能Ea/(kJ·mol−1) 老化时间t/h 热氧老化因子μ 90 1.68 8.314 86.5 216 1.147 100 3.78 8.314 86.5 96 1.147 110 7.54 8.314 86.5 48 1.147 120 15.08 8.314 86.5 24 1.147
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表 3 超弹性摄动模型及Coulomb摩擦摄动模型参数
Table 3. Parameters of Hyperelastic perturbation model and Coulomb friction perturbation model
参数 数值 参数 数值 Ke/(N·mm-1) 32 Kc/(N·mm-1) 式(18) Kmax/(N·mm-1) 45 Khe/(N·mm-1) 式(17) x2/mm 0.122 Ffmax/N 1.59
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表 4 不同预载下分数导数摄动模型参数
Table 4. Fractional derivative perturbation model parameters under different preloads
预载/N 分数导数阶次α 阻尼参数b/(N·sα·mm−1) 材料参数γ 37 0.2015 10.78 0.6933 55 0.1980 11.78 0.6933 70 0.1887 13.00 0.6933
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表 5 不同预载下热氧老化前、后动刚度损耗因子变化情况
Table 5. Changes in dynamic stiffness and loss factors before and after thermal oxygen aging under different preloads
预载/N 刚度转变频率/Hz 刚度转变频率前动刚度最大变化/(%) 刚度转变频率后动刚度最大变化/(%) 损耗因子最大变化/(%) 37 >100 +4.6 − −35.0 55 80 +9.3 −1.0 −25.7 70 50 +8.4 −1.0 −30.7
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