双矩形拱肋间的气动干扰效应研究

张航; 唐浩俊; 莫威; 李永乐

doi:10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2021.11.0889

双矩形拱肋间的气动干扰效应研究

doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2021.11.0889

张航^1,,
唐浩俊^{1, 2, ,},
莫威^1,,
李永乐^{1, 2,}

1.
西南交通大学桥梁工程系，成都 610031
2.
风工程四川省重点实验室，成都 610031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(52178507)

详细信息

作者简介:
张　航(1995−)，男，云南昭通人，硕士生，主要从事桥梁风工程研究(E-mail: hh@my.swjtu.edu.cn)

莫　威(1998−)，男，四川广安人，硕士生，主要从事桥梁风工程研究(E-mail: 850980708@qq.com)

李永乐(1972−)，男，河南洛阳人，教授，博士，博导，主要从事桥梁风工程及车桥耦合振动研究(E-mail: lele@swjtu.edu.cn)

通讯作者:
唐浩俊(1988−)，男，四川成都人，副教授，博士，硕导，主要从事桥梁风工程研究(E-mail: thj@swjtu.edu.cn)

中图分类号: U448.22
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- HTML全文浏览量: 225
- PDF下载量: 27
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-13
- 修回日期: 2022-01-28
- 录用日期: 2022-02-28
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-25

RESEARCH ON AERODYNAMIC INTERFERENCE BETWEEN TWO ARCH RIBS WITH RECTANGLE CROSS SECTIONS

ZHANG Hang^1
,,
TANG Hao-jun^{1, 2
, ,},
MO Wei^1
,,
LI Yong-le^{1, 2
,}

1.
Department of Bridge Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2.
Wind Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, China

摘要

摘要: 以某拱桥为例，通过数值模拟研究了串列双矩形拱肋的气动干扰效应，及其对两截面气动力系数的影响。在对计算模型进行验证的基础上，进一步研究了截面宽高比、间距比和来流风攻角对拱肋周围流场的影响，并结合压力云图和湍动能云图解释了气动力系数的变化规律，讨论了不同宽高比截面的漩涡脱落频率与结构自振频率之间的关系，分析了两拱肋升力时程的差异对整体扭矩可能产生的增大效应。结果表明：串列拱肋间的气动干扰效应显著。受上游截面尾流的影响，下游截面的阻力系数明显减小，其值与漩涡的形态、能量大小、移动轨迹等因素密切相关。上、下游截面的升力时程在幅值和相位上存在明显差异，导致拱肋整体的力矩增大，其效应随宽高比或间距比的增大而明显加强，随风攻角的增大而有所降低。漩涡脱落频率随宽高比的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势，而受间距比、风攻角的影响有限。对漩涡脱落频率与宽高比的变化进行多项式拟合，结合结构的模态频率可为拱肋的气动外形设计提供参考。
- 拱肋 /
- 气动干扰 /
- 气动力系数 /
- 流场分析 /
- 漩涡 /
- 漩涡脱落频率
Abstract: Taking an arch bridge as the example, the aerodynamic interference between two rectangular arch ribs in tandem arrangement and the effect on the aerodynamic coefficients of the cross sections are studied by numerical simulations. After checking the reliability of the numerical models, the flow fields are simulated around the arch ribs with different aspect ratios, spacing ratios, and angles of attack. The variations of the aerodynamic coefficients are explained based on pressure contours and turbulent kinetic energy contours. The relationships are discussed between the vortex shedding frequencies with different aspect ratios and the structural modal frequencies. The differences of the lift time series are also analyzed between the two arch ribs, which may increase the whole torsional moment. The results show that the aerodynamic interference is significant between the two arch ribs in tandem arrangement. In the wake of the upstream one, the drag coefficient of the downstream one largely decreases, which is closely related to the form, to the vorticity, and to the motion trail of the vortices. The contrast of the lift time series of the two cross sections shows the differences in amplitude and phase. As a result, the whole torsional moment increases, which is significantly enhanced with the increase of aspect ratio or of spacing ratio, while slightly weakened with the increase of attack angle. The vortex shedding frequency increases first and then decreases with the increase of aspect ratio, while it is less affected by the spacing ratio and by the attack angle. The variation of the vortex shedding frequency versus the aspect ratio is fitted by a polynomial and the structural modal frequencies are compared, which provides a reference for the aerodynamic configuration design of the arch.
- arch ribs /
- aerodynamic interference /
- aerodynamic coefficients /
- flow field analysis /
- vortices /
- vortex shedding frequency

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图 1 研究对象示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the research object

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图 2 成桥阶段有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element model in the service stage

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图 3 施工阶段有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model in the construction stage

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图 4 计算区域

Figure 4. Calculation region

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图 5 计算区域网格划分

Figure 5. Grid generation of the computing area

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图 6 气动力系数正向定义

Figure 6. Forward definition of aerodynamic coefficients

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图 7 算例网格划分

Figure 7. Grid generation of the example

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图 8 方形阻力系数C_H和升力系数C_V随时间t变化图

Figure 8. C_H and C_V versus t of square

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图 9 阻力系数C_H随宽高比b/h的变化

Figure 9. C_H versus b/h

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图 10 不同宽高比b/h的升力系数C_V时程曲线

Figure 10. C_V time history curve with different b/h

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图 11 不同宽高比b/h截面的时均压力云图　/Pa

Figure 11. Contours of mean pressure at different aspect ratios

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图 12 不同宽高比b/h截面的湍动能云图(时间间隔T/5)　/(m²/s²)

Figure 12. Turbulent kinetic energy contours at different b/h (time interval: T/5)

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图 13 漩涡脱落频率f随宽高比b/h的变化

Figure 13. Vortex shedding frequency f versus b/h

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图 14 阻力系数C_H随间距比d/b的变化

Figure 14. C_H versus d/b

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图 15 不同间距比d/b的升力系数C_V时程曲线

Figure 15. C_V time history curve with different d/b

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图 16 不同间距比d/b截面的时均压力云图　/Pa

Figure 16. Contours of mean pressure at different spacing ratios d/b

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图 17 不同间距比d/b截面的湍动能云图(时间间隔T/4)　/(m²/s²)

Figure 17. Turbulent kinetic energy contours at different d/b (time interval: T/4)

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图 18 阻力系数C_H随风攻角的变化

Figure 18. C_H versus wind attack angle

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图 19 漩涡脱落频率f随风攻角的变化

Figure 19. Vortex shedding frequency versus wind attack angle

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图 20 不同风攻角下截面的湍动能云图(时间间隔T/5)　/(m²/s²)

Figure 20. Turbulent kinetic energy contours at different α (Time interval: T/5)

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表 1 计算断面参数取值

Table 1. Parameters of section for calculation

计算区域参数	变高度模型				变间距模型
计算区域参数	C=b/h				C=d/b
b/m	3	3	3	3	3
h/m	3.0~4.0	5.0~7.5	8.6~10	20	3.3
C	1~0.75	0.6~0.4	0.35~0.3	0.15	1~15
L₁/m	25b	30b	40b	50b	25b
L₂/m	60b	100b	120b	150b	60b−(23.5−d)
d/m	23.5	23.5	23.5	23.5	3~45
H/m	50h	50h	50h	50h	50h

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表 2 单个矩形阻力系数C_H验证结果

Table 2. C_H verification of single rectangle

宽高比b/h=0.9矩形				宽高比b/h=1方形
网格数量	时间步长t/s	C_H	相对本文采用误差/(%)	C_H	C_H参考值, 雷诺数Re/(×10⁴)
51 400	0.01	2.23	8.3	1.99(Re=3×10⁶)	2.00^[15]2.21, 2.2^[2]2.00, 8^[5]2.10, 69^[16]2.04~2.05,30~350^[17]2.2, 2.2^[18]1.97, 0.3^[19]2.1, 2.14^[20]
139 800		2.06	−
196 000		2.08	1.0
285 000		2.10	1.9
139 800	0.005	2.11	2.4
	0.01	2.06	−
	0.05	1.98	3.9
	0.1	1.81	12.1
规范取值^[15]		2.06	0.0
注：带下划线的网格数量和时间步长为本文采用计算参数。

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表 3 串列矩形阻力系数C_H验证结果

Table 3. C_H verification of tandem rectangle

宽高比b/h=0.9	网格数量	上游C_H	下游C_H	上游C_H误差/(%)	下游C_H误差/(%)
时间步长0.01 s	224 300	2.01	0.77	0.5	15.4
	275 368	2.02	0.91	−	−
	315 975	2.00	0.94	1.0	3.3
	338 300	1.99	0.89	1.5	2.2

b/h=0.9	时间步长/s	上游C_H	下游C_H	上游C_H误差/(%)	下游C_H误差/(%)
网格数量275 368	0.005	2.04	0.89	1.0	2.2
	0.01	2.02	0.91	−	−
	0.05	1.64	0.83	18.8	8.8
	0.1	1.69	0.73	16.3	19.8
注：带下划线的网格数量和时间步长为本文采用计算参数。

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表 4 力矩系数均方根值RMS和K值随宽高比b/h的变化

Table 4. RMS moment coefficient and K versus b/h

高度h /m	宽高比b/h	串列矩形RMS			K值
高度h /m	宽高比b/h	上游	下游	整体	K值
20.00	0.15	15.2	8.4	34.3	1.5
10.00	0.30	2.2	1.0	9.2	2.9
8.57	0.35	1.5	0.9	13.1	5.6
7.50	0.40	0.9	0.4	16.8	12.2
6.60	0.45	0.7	0.4	19.0	18.2
6.00	0.50	0.7	0.4	19.4	18.3
5.45	0.55	0.6	0.4	18.7	20.7
5.00	0.60	0.4	0.2	17.8	30.4
4.00	0.75	0.2	0.1	14.3	46.4
3.33	0.90	0.1	0.1	9.9	50.1
3.00	1.00	0.1	0.1	11.4	50.5

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表 5 串列矩形力矩系数均方根值RMS和K值随间距比d/b的变化

Table 5. RMS moment coefficient and K versus d/b

间距d/m	间距比d/b	串列矩形RMS			K值
间距d/m	间距比d/b	上游	下游	整体	K值
3.0	1.00	0.0	0.1	0.9	7.7
6.3	2.10	0.0	0.1	1.0	8.0
6.6	2.20	0.1	0.3	3.7	9.7
6.9	2.30	0.1	0.3	3.9	9.9
7.2	2.40	0.1	0.2	3.5	9.8
9.0	3.00	0.1	0.2	3.1	11.1
18.0	6.00	0.1	0.1	5.1	24.0
23.5	7.83	0.1	0.1	9.9	50.1
27.0	9.00	0.1	0.1	11.2	65.3
36.0	12.00	0.1	0.1	10.6	54.4
45.0	15.00	0.1	0.1	14.0	75.2

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表 6 串列矩形力矩系数均方根值RMS和K值随风攻角的变化

Table 6. RMS moment coefficient and K versus wind attack angle

风攻角/(°)	b/h=0.75				b/h=0.60				b/h=0.45
	RMS			K值	RMS			K值	RMS			K值
	上游	下游	整体	K值	上游	下游	整体	K值	上游	下游	整体	K值
0	0.23	0.07	14.23	46.35	0.43	0.15	17.79	30.38	0.68	0.37	19.05	18.18
3	0.19	0.05	10.01	41.42	0.42	0.17	17.46	29.34	0.67	0.27	18.24	19.42
5	0.20	0.15	14.12	40.14	0.40	0.21	17.59	28.67	0.67	0.30	16.91	17.36
7	0.23	0.09	13.44	42.77	0.42	0.18	18.03	30.43	0.68	0.26	18.25	19.43
10	0.19	0.05	10.06	41.37	0.42	0.18	17.02	28.49	0.74	0.40	18.57	16.40
12	0.19	0.06	10.35	41.28	0.40	0.21	17.09	27.94	0.84	0.35	18.21	15.21

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