Abstract: With the cooling system of a low-temperature refrigerator and an extra-low temperature loading box, the freeze-thaw cycle test was carried out for 63 cube specimens and 21 pull-out specimens under different levels, different cycle times, different temperatures and different water contents. Though the test, the influence factors about the strength of concrete and the bonding strength between reinforcement and concrete were studied. Besides, the SEM test was carried out to reveal the damage of microstructures after the freeze-thaw cycles. The results show that: the strength of concrete after freeze-thaw cycles is affected by the water cement ratio obviously, and adding super plasticizer will improve the resistance ability of freeze-thaw damage; with fewer times of freeze-thaw cycles, the influence of strong concrete is not obvious; there is more reduction in tensile strength after freeze-thaw cycles than that in compressive strength; the test of SEM explains the microscopic mechanism after cycles effectively; the bonding strength between reinforcement and concrete has a significantly reduction after 5 freeze-thaw cycles.