Abstract: This paper studies the distortion of the welding workpiece in the steel structure. Residual stresses were eliminated in the welding place by Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) process, and the size precision of the welding workpiece was improved. Dynamic stresses were analyzed and the measured residual stresses before and after the VSR process were compared, so that the reduction and redistribution of residual stresses were obtained. The experiment results show that the VSR process is effective.