楔形体诱导的非定常超空泡计算

CALCULATION OF UNSTEADY SUPERCAVITY INDUCED BY WEDGES

  • 摘要: 采用积分方程方法,研究了楔形体外部自然超空泡流问题。提出了楔形体在静止流体中做变速运动所引起的非定常超空泡的积分方程。作为特例,得到了均匀来流时非定常超空泡的积分方程。应用时间有限差分离散化方法和有限差分法对积分方程进行了求解,得到了楔形体做变速运动、楔角变化、空化数变化、小扰动空化流等各种情况下的数值解。数值结果表明:非定常超空泡具有时滞性和波动性。楔体做变速运动时,加速度越大,时间滞后越长。在匀减速运动时,空泡不封闭,可能有回注射流发生。扰动频率越高,空泡长度变化越小,时间滞后越长。扰动以波动形式沿着空泡表面传播,传播速度为来流速度。该文所得到的结果,对于非定常超空化水翼的设计和分析能够起到参考作用。

     

    Abstract: Based on the method of integral equation, the unsteady natural supercavitating flow passing a slender wedge is investigated. The unsteady supercavity integral equation of wedge moving with variable velocity in static fluid is obtained. As a special case, the unsteady supercavity integral equation of uniform flow is also obtained. Using the finite difference time discretization method and finite difference method, the integral equations are solved. In the cases of wedge moving with variable velocity, changing wedge angle, changing cavitation number and small perturbing cavitation flow, the numerical results of supercavity’s shape and length are obtained. The results show that unsteady supercavity has two characteristics: retardancy and wave. In the case of wedge moving with variable velocity, the higher the value of acceleration is, the longer the time lags. In the case of wedge moving with uniformly decelerated velocity, cavity is not closed, and the reentrant jet may occur. The higher the perturbing frequency is, the smaller the change of cavity length is, and the longer the time lags. The perturbation spreads as a form of wave along the surface of cavity, and the spread velocity is that of the flow. The results obtained would be useful for the design and analysis of unsteady cavitator under water.

     

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