Abstract: Because of a significant mismatch between the coefficients of the fiber and the matrix in a thermal expansion, the interfacial thermal residual stress in fiber/matrix composites is induced during the course of cooling procedure when composites are made. These residual stresses play an important role in the mechanical properties of composites. The distribution of interfacial thermal residual stress near a straight and a specially designed curve steel fiber was studied in this paper. The interfacial shear stress along the fiber embedded in the length direction was determined using three dimensional photo-elasticity. And these interfacial thermal residual stresses were analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). The results show that the value of the interfacial thermal residual stress reaches its peaks near the end of the embedded fiber in the interface of the single-fiber and the matrix.