建筑工程标准规范智能解译关键技术及应用

KEY TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS OF INTELLIGENT INTERPRETATION OF BUILDING ENGINEERING STANDARDS

  • 摘要: 建筑工程标准规范文本具有概念多样、隐含工程常识及复杂规则组合等特点,给标准规范的自动拆解与推理带来了极大挑战。因此,作者团队建立了一套集成领域大语言模型与常识知识图谱的规范智能解译技术体系。通过构建领域规范语料库及预训练大模型,实现规范内容文风语法等知识的学习表征,并通过大规模领域常识图谱构建,为规范条文智能解译奠定基础。基于领域大模型与大规模常识图谱,研发标准规范章节结构拆解、可解译条文分类、条文语义标注、句法解析以及复杂规则处理等核心算法与技术,实现了从原始文本到计算机可执行代码的端到端自动生成。作者团队还探讨了所提出的技术体系在条文关联检索、标准知识问答、BIM智能校审和BIM优化建议等典型场景中的应用潜力。验证结果表明:所提出的方法可有效突破复杂条文解译的瓶颈难题,条文解译准确率超过95%,解译效率较人工提升5倍,BIM模型审查效率提升约40倍,为建筑工程领域的标准规范的数字化及智能化应用提供了一条可借鉴、可推广的技术路径。

     

    Abstract: The regulatory clauses of building and construction standards or codes usually include diverse engineering concepts, implicit common knowledge and complex combination of rules, which poses great challenges to the automatic learning and reasoning of standards. Therefore, the authors established a systematic framework for intelligent interpretation of regulatory texts by integrating domain-specific large language models (DSLLM) and knowledge graph of common domain knowledge (comKG). Firstly, by constructing a domain-specific corpus and pre-training a large model, the learning and representation of hidden knowledge such as the writing style and grammars of the regulatory texts are achieved, and a large-scale knowledge graph with common knowledge is constructed to lay the foundation for the intelligent interpretation of rules. Next, based on DSLLM and comKG, core algorithms and technologies such as recognition and structure decomposition of building standards and specifications, semantic labelling, syntax parsing and complex rule handling are developed, creating an end-to-end rule interpretation pipeline that could automatically generate executable codes from raw regulatory texts. Moreover, potential applications of the proposed methods in typical scenarios such as clause searching, question answering for building standards, automatic compliance checking and proactive BIM optimization are also investigated. Results show that the proposed method can effectively overcome the challenging problems such as complex rule interpretation, with an interpretation accuracy of over 95%, an interpretation efficiency five times faster than manual methods, and improve the compliance checking of BIM by about 40 times. This study provides a foundation and stepstone for the digitalization and intelligent application of standards or regulator documents in building and construction domain.

     

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