装配式可更换分级屈服耗能连接集成形状优化及试验研究

杜永峰; 李芳玉; 李虎; 池佩红

doi:10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2022.05.0485

装配式可更换分级屈服耗能连接集成形状优化及试验研究

杜永峰^{1, 2,},
李芳玉^1, ,,
李虎^1,,
池佩红^1,

1.
兰州理工大学防震减灾研究所，兰州 730050
2.
兰州理工大学土木工程减震隔震技术研发甘肃省国际科技合作基地，兰州 730050

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51778276，52178291)

详细信息

作者简介:
杜永峰(1962−)，男，甘肃正宁人，教授，博士，博导，主要从事结构减隔震控制及健康监测研究(E-mail: dooyf@lut.edu.cn)

李　虎(1990−)，男，甘肃会宁人，博士，主要从事预制装配式混凝土结构研究(E-mail: 1365563246@qq.com)

池佩红(1994−)，女，甘肃文县人，博士生，主要从事结构减震控制研究(E-mail: 1781580212@qq.com)

通讯作者:
李芳玉(1993−)，男，甘肃文县人，博士生，主要从事装配式混凝土结构研究(E-mail: 1976905886@qq.com)

中图分类号: TU375.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-05-28
- 修回日期: 2022-10-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-04
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-24

INTEGRATED SHAPE OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PREFABRICATED REPLACEABLE GRADED-YIELDING ENERGY-DISSIPATION CONNECTORS

DU Yong-feng^{1, 2,},
LI Fang-yu^1, ,,
LI Hu^1,,
CHI Pei-hong^1,

1.
Institute of Earthquake Protection and Disaster Mitigation, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2.
International Research Base of Seismic Mitigation and Isolation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

摘要

摘要:
为增强装配式混凝土框架结构的可恢复性，提出一种可更换分级屈服耗能连接，通过在梁-柱节点处设置该连接可实现对结构屈服过程的有效控制。针对分级屈服耗能连接中的弯剪部件，基于等效应力屈服强度理论推导得到弯剪部件考虑等应力屈服的形状曲线，通过Python集成Abaqus数值模型和优化算法获得低周疲劳性能最优的形状曲线。对5个分级屈服耗能连接试件开展低周往复加载试验，研究其滞回性能和变形能力等抗震性能，评价形状优化后分级屈服耗能连接的性能水平，并对弯剪部件影响参数进行分析。结果表明：优化后弯剪部件的塑性应变分布更加均匀，耗能能力和材料利用率明显提高；同时弯剪部件经优化后的分级屈服耗能连接试件变形能力显著增强；随着弯剪部件的等应力屈服高度比或高宽比减小，分级屈服耗能连接的承载能力和耗能能力均逐渐提高，但刚度退化速率逐渐加快；各试件变形及损伤主要集中在弯剪部件和屈曲部件，且均实现了分级屈服的耗能机制，说明分级屈服耗能连接能够有效控制结构的屈服过程。
- 装配式混凝土框架 /
- 可更换连接 /
- 分级屈服 /
- 形状优化 /
- 低周往复加载试验 /
- 抗震性能
Abstract:
A replaceable graded-yielding energy-dissipation connector (RGEC) is proposed to improve the resilience of prefabricated concrete frame structures. The yield process of the structure can be controlled efficiently by installing the RGEC at the beam-column joints. Based on the equivalent stress yield strength theory, the shape curve considering the yield stress contour is derived for the bending-shear components of RGEC. Then the shape curve with the best low cycle fatigue performance is obtained by integrating the Abaqus finite element model and optimization algorithm in Python. Low cyclic loading tests were performed on 5 RGEC specimens to investigate the seismic properties. The performance of RGEC with shape optimized bending-shear components is evaluated, and the influence parameters of the bending-shear component were analyzed. The results show that: the plastic strain distribution of the optimized bending-shear component is more uniform, and the energy dissipation capacity and material utilization are increased significantly. Meanwhile, the deformation capacity of the RGEC with the optimized bending-shear component obviously enhanced. By reducing the yield stress contour height ratio or height-width ratio of the bending-shear component, the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the RGEC can be improved, while the stiffness degradation rate is accelerated. The deformation and damage of specimens are mainly concentrated in bending-shear components and in the components of buckling possibility, and the energy dissipation mechanism with graded yield is realized, demonstrating that the yield process of structures can be controlled effectively by the RGEC.
- prefabricated concrete frame structure /
- replaceable connector /
- graded yield /
- shape optimization /
- low cyclic loading test /
- seismic behavior

HTML全文

图 1 带RGEC的梁-柱节点构造

Figure 1. Construction of beam-column joint with RGEC

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图 2 RGEC构造

Figure 2. Construction of RGEC

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图 3 RGEC工作原理

Figure 3. Working mechanism of RGEC

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图 4 弯剪部件示意及受力状态

Figure 4. Diagram and stress state of bending-shear component

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图 5 弯剪部件的有限元模型

Figure 5. Finite element model of bending-shear component

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不同 $\alpha$ 值下弯剪部件形状示意

Bending-shear components with different $\alpha$

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EPS_max与 $\alpha$ 的关系曲线

Relationship curve between EPS_max and $\alpha$

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图 8 优化流程图

Figure 8. Optimization flow chart

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EPS_max和 $\alpha$ 的优化迭代历程

EPS_max and $\alpha$ obtained in the optimization process

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图 10 优化前后EPS_max分布对比

Figure 10. EPS_max distribution comparison before and after optimization

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$\alpha$ 与高宽比的关系曲线

Relationship curve between $\alpha$ and aspect ratio

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图 12 试件尺寸示意图　/mm

Figure 12. Dimensions of test specimens

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图 13 加载装置

Figure 13. Test setup

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图 14 加载制度

Figure 14. Loading protocol

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图 15 测量点布置示意

Figure 15. Distribution of measuring points

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图 16 试件破坏情况

Figure 16. Failure patterns of specimens

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图 17 试件荷载-位移滞回曲线

Figure 17. Load-displacement hysteretic curves of specimens

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图 18 试件骨架曲线

Figure 18. Skeleton curves of specimens

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图 19 刚度退化曲线

Figure 19. Stiffness reduction curves

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图 20 等效粘滞阻尼系数

Figure 20. Equivalent viscous damping coefficient

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图 21 试件应变分布

Figure 21. Strain distributions of specimens

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表 1 数值模型材料参数

Table 1 Material parameters in numerical model

${Q_\infty }$ /MPa	${b_{{\text{iso}}}}$	${C_{{\text{ }}1}}$ /MPa	${\gamma _1}$	${C_{{\text{ 2}}}}$ /MPa	${\gamma _2}$	${C_{{\text{ 3}}}}$ /MPa	${\gamma _3}$	${\bar u_{\text{f}}}$ /mm
20	1.2	130 000	2500	8000	100	500	0	15
注： ${Q_\infty }$ 为屈服面最大变化值； ${b_{{\text{iso}}}}$ 为屈服面随着塑性应变的增加而变化的比率； ${\gamma _k}$ 定义了背应力的变化率；比率 ${C_k}/{\gamma _k}$ 是背应力的最大变化值； ${\bar u_{\text{f}}}$ 为钢材拉伸时的极限破坏位移。

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表 2 弯剪部件优化前后单位体积塑性耗能比较

Table 2 Comparison of energy dissipation per unit volume before and after optimization

位移角 ${\theta _{{\text{sb}}}}$	${\zeta _{\rm{b}}}$ /(mJ/mm³)	${\zeta _{\rm{a}}}$ /(mJ/mm³)	${\zeta _{\rm{a}}}/{\zeta _{\rm{b}}}$ /(%)
1/500	0.01	0.00	0.00
1/300	0.15	0.10	63.11
1/100	2.40	2.32	96.78
1/50	9.12	9.32	102.19
1/20	30.14	31.81	105.53
1/10	77.51	83.18	107.32
注： ${\zeta _{\rm{b}}}$ 、 ${\zeta _{\rm{a}}}$ 分别为优化前、后弯剪部件单位体积塑性耗能。

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表 3 材料单调拉伸特性试验结果

Table 3 Test results of material monotonic tensile properties

编号	弹性模量 E_s/MPa	屈服强度 f_y/MPa	极限强度 f_u/MPa	屈强比 f_y/f_u/(%)	伸长率 μ/(%)
1	192400	256.48	445.63	57.55	39.4
2	198300	263.72	451.32	58.43	40.7
3	195800	259.46	449.78	57.68	39.8
平均值	195500	259.89	448.91	57.89	40.1

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表 4 试件的设计参数

Table 4 Parameters of test specimens

试件编号	$\alpha$	h/b/(mm/mm)	t/mm	B/mm	弯剪段优化情况
RGEC-1	0.614	50.02/30.05	5.94	50.08	优化
RGEC-2	0.400	50.07/29.98	6.03	49.95	未优化
RGEC-3	0.700	49.96/30.01	5.92	50.04	未优化
RGEC-4	0.664	50.03/24.96	5.97	49.97	优化
RGEC-5	0.563	49.93/34.98	6.06	49.91	优化
注： $\alpha$ 、h/b分别为弯剪部件等应力屈服高度比和高宽比；t为芯板厚度；B为屈曲段总宽度。

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表 5 试件主要试验结果

Table 5 Main test results of specimens

试件编号	加载方向	P_y/kN	Δ_y/mm	P_max/kN	Δ_u/mm	μ	η_max
RGEC-1	正向	96.15	0.68	278.40	13.37	19.66	1.11
RGEC-1	负向	95.29	0.65	257.01	12.81	19.71	1.11
RGEC-2	正向	103.57	0.63	290.28	12.01	19.06	1.08
RGEC-2	负向	103.42	0.61	262.08	11.10	18.20	1.08
RGEC-3	正向	82.79	0.58	249.33	10.02	17.28	1.06
RGEC-3	负向	82.26	0.57	236.84	9.56	16.77	1.06
RGEC-4	正向	67.04	0.75	236.64	12.01	16.01	1.10
RGEC-4	负向	66.54	0.73	218.46	12.02	16.47	1.10
RGEC-5	正向	128.29	0.62	327.12	13.32	21.48	1.12
RGEC-5	负向	127.57	0.61	301.98	12.56	20.59	1.12
注：P_y为屈服荷载；Δ_y为屈服位移；P_max为峰值荷载；Δ_u为极限位移；μ为位移延性系数；η_max为各级循环中最大拉压不平衡系数。

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