Abstract: RC frame structures often suffer from local obvious damage or insufficient resistance under earthquake. Through reasonable optimization of the performances of lateral force resisting members, the design effect with similar damage degree of each storey can be realized and the weak storey can be eliminated, so that a more uniform damage distribution mode can be achieved. The uniform damage design method of RC frame structure was proposed. Equal or similar damage index of each storey was set as the optimization objective, and the reinforcement ratio of frame columns of each story was the optimization variable. The uniform damage optimization design of RC frame structure was realized through the collaborative calculation technology of intelligent algorithm and finite element platform. The optimization effect was verified and analyzed by elastic-plastic time history analysis and IDA method. The results indicate that the damage degree of each storey can be effectively controlled by optimizing the reinforcement of frame columns through intelligent algorithm. The optimal reinforcement ratio distributions of the structure under different seismic waves are not exactly the same, and the optimal reinforcement ratio distributions of the frame columns do not show an obvious statistical law. However, if the average value of the optimization results under different seismic waves is taken as the reinforcement scheme of frame columns, the seismic capacity of the structure can be improved. The proposed method is reasonable and effective.