基于两相流理论的稀疏和致密颗粒流统一模型

THE UNIFIED MODEL FOR DILUTE AND DENSE GRANULAR FLOWS BASED ON THE TWO-PHASE FLOW THEORY

  • 摘要: 统一描述不同浓度的固、液两相流动具有重要意义。该文充分考虑不同流态下颗粒体的本构关系、颗粒体与流体的相间作用以及流体紊动影响,应用两相流模型对统一描述稀疏和致密颗粒流问题进行了探索。经与实验结果比较,该两相流模型对不同粒径的稀疏和致密颗粒体的运动过程均能准确刻画。模拟结果表明,不同粒径稀疏颗粒体与流体的相间作用差异较大,其中细颗粒体受到的沉积作用更弱,更容易在周围流体中保持悬浮状态,因而前端运动距离更长。流体紊动粘性对涡旋结构的发展有较大的影响,考虑紊动时流体倾向于向前运动,进而促进了稀疏颗粒体的发展。致密颗粒体堆积表面附近受到的流体拖曳力较大,其在较长时间内促进了细颗粒体的向外发展,对粗颗粒体的运动则主要起到了阻碍作用。致密细颗粒体中的流体动压作用更为明显,流体正压促进了初始颗粒体前端的发展,流体负压则影响着颗粒体堆积形态的塑造。

     

    Abstract: It is of great significance to uniformly describe the solid-liquid two-phase flow with different particle volume fractions. The unified two-phase flow model that takes into account the granular rheology in different flow regimes, the interaction between solid and fluid phases and the turbulent flow effect, is adopted to investigate dilute and dense granular flows in this paper. Compared with the experimental data, the numerical results demonstrate that the two-phase flow model can well describe the flow process of dilute and dense granular flows with different particle sizes. The simulation results show that the interaction between dilute particles and the ambient fluid varies with the particle size, and fine particles are more likely to be suspended in the ambient fluid and transported longer due to the weaker sedimentation processes. The fluid eddy viscosity plays an important role in the development of fluid vortexes, and the fluid phase with the turbulence model tends to move forward and further facilitates the progress of dilute particles. The numerical results in dense granular flows show that the drag force near the deposit surface is much larger, and causes fine particles to move outward in a long period, but mainly retards the movement of coarse particles. The dynamic pressure effect in fine dense particles is more noticeable, and the positive dynamic pressure accelerates the flow of initial granular fronts, while the negative dynamic pressure modifies the granular deposit topography.

     

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