THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SAMPLE SELECTION METHODS IN STUDY OF SHEAR STRENGTH ANISOTROPY OF ROCK JOINTS
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摘要: 结构面抗剪强度的各向异性特征对工程岩体的力学性质、变形特性和稳定性分析都具有重要意义。结构面试样获取方法对抗剪强度各向异性特征的研究具有重要影响。为了对比不同试样获取方法在结构面抗剪强度各向异性研究中的有效性，分别对直接截取的圆形、方形和旋转截取的方形试样进行抗剪强度各向异性特征的对比分析。选取1 m×1 m的天然板岩结构面作为研究对象，采用三维激光扫描法获取结构面三维形貌特征，截取研究位置处圆形、方形和旋转方形试样进行对比评价。研究表明：直接截取的方形试样沿不同剪切方向产生的剪切面积不同，选用圆形试样更能反映结构面抗剪强度的各向异性特征；旋转方形与圆形试样的抗剪强度统计误差小于直接截取的方形与圆形试样的统计误差值，且旋转方形与等面积圆试样的抗剪强度各向异性特征最接近，两者统计误差最小、相似度最大，大于0.9987，当圆形试样不具备实验条件时，可选用旋转截取的等面积方形试样进行结构面抗剪强度的各向异性研究。该研究可为选取结构面试样获取方法提供参考和借鉴，为准确开展抗剪强度各向异性研究提供依据。Abstract: The anisotropy of shear strength of rock joints is of great significance to mechanical properties, deformation characteristics and stability of engineering rock masses. The selection of rock joints has an important influence on the study of joint shear strength anisotropy. To compare the effectiveness of sample selection methods, the anisotropy of shear strength was analyzed based on circular samples, square samples and rotated square samples. A natural slate joint in size of 1 m×1 m was selected as the research object, and the morphological characteristics of the slate joint were measured by 3D laser scanning method. The circular, square, and rotated square samples were obtained for comparative analysis. The results indicate that the shear area of the square sample obtained using the direct sampling method changes with the shear directions, and the circular sample can better reflect the anisotropy of the shear strength of joints. The statistical error of shear strength of square and round samples obtained by rotation sampling method is smaller than the error of the samples obtained by direct sampling method. The shear strength of rotated square sample and round sample with equal area are almost identical, and the statistical error is the smallest and the similarity is the largest exceeding 0.9987. Therefore, when the circular samples are not available, the rotated square samples with equal area can be selected to study the anisotropy of shear strength of joints. This study can provide certain help for the selection of rock joints and provide a basis for the study of the anisotropy of shear strength of rock joints.
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Keywords:
- rock mechanics /
- rock joints /
- shear strength /
- anisotropy /
- sample selection method
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图 2 基于直接取样法的方形和圆形试样三维形貌特征
Figure 2. Three-dimensional morphological characteristics of square and round samples based on direct sampling method
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图 4 基于直接取样法的方形和圆形试样粗糙度和抗剪强度各向异性对比图
Figure 4. Comparison of anisotropy between the roughness and the shear strength of square and round samples based on direct sampling method
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图 5 方形试样沿不同剪切方向产生的剪切面积示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of shear area of square samples along different shear directions
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图 7 基于旋转取样法的方形试样粗糙度和抗剪强度各向异性对比图
Figure 7. Comparison of the anisotropy between the roughness and the shear strength of square and round samples based on rotation sampling method
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图 8 基于旋转取样法的18组方形试样各向异性特征分析
Figure 8. Analysis of anisotropy characteristics of 18 groups of square samples based on rotation sampling method
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图 9 旋转方形与圆形试样粗糙度和抗剪强度各向异性对比图
Figure 9. Comparison of the anisotropy between the roughness and the shear strength of rotating square and round samples
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图 10 不同正应力下结构面抗剪强度
Figure 10. Peak shear strength of rock joints under different normal stresses
表 1 结构面基本物理力学参数
Table 1 Mechanical parameters of rock joint
岩性 密度/
(g·cm−3)抗压强度/
MPa抗拉强度/
MPa基本摩擦角/
(°)钙质板岩 2.68 78.1 12.5 21.5 
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表 2 方形和圆形试样相似度计算结果
Table 2 Similarity of square and round samples
相似度 方形和圆形试样a 方形和圆形试样b 方形和圆形试样c D (X, Y) 0.9980 0.9988 0.9951
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表 3 方形和圆形试样抗剪强度误差分析
Table 3 Error analysis of shear strength of square and round samples
统计参数 方形和圆形试样a 方形和圆形试样b 方形和圆形试样c 平均值 0.4311 0.3419 0.6695 标准差 0.2491 0.1952 0.3875
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表 4 方形和圆形试样不重合面积比
Table 4 Non-overlapping area ratio of square and round samples
试样组别 不重合面积/cm2 不重合面积比/(%) 圆形试样a 21.50 21.50 圆形试样b 18.10 18.10 圆形试样c 57.00 57.00
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表 5 旋转方形与圆形试样相似度量和抗剪强度误差分析
Table 5 Error analysis of the similarity and the shear strength of rotating square and round samples
统计参数 旋转方形和
圆形试样a旋转方形和
圆形试样b旋转方形和
圆形试样c相似度 0.9985 0.9987 0.9981 平均值 0.3670 0.1108 0.3886 标准差 0.2085 0.0896 0.2024
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表 6 10组方形和圆形试样相似度计算结果
Table 6 Similarity of 10 groups of square and round samples based on direct sampling method
试样 方形和圆形试样a 方形和圆形试样b 方形和圆形试样c S2-6 0.9995 0.9998 0.9974 S3-2 0.9990 0.9999 0.9997 S5-3 0.9990 0.9995 0.9979 S5-6 0.9994 0.9999 0.9971 S8-3 0.9991 0.9999 0.9995 S8-6 0.9990 0.9998 0.9996 S8-9 0.9993 0.9999 0.9998 S9-2 0.9982 0.9989 0.9974 S9-5 0.9997 0.9996 0.9992 S9-8 0.9968 0.9997 0.9996
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