Abstract: Aiming at the shortcomings of current particle dampers and the need for seismic absorption in civil engineering, a parallel single-dimensional single particle damper (PSSPD) is proposed. Considering the damping mechanism and the stress state of particles, the mechanical model of PSSPD is established and its numerical analysis method is put forward. The analytical expression of displacement response of PSSPD-SDOF in stable, symmetrical and periodic collision state is obtained under harmonic excitation. Based on this result, the influence of each parameter on the performance of PSSPD and the relationship between the optimal distance of particle motion and other parameters are analyzed, and its accuracy is verified. Then, the optimization analysis method of PSSPD in ground motion is put forward, and its rationality and accuracy are verified. Immediately, the effect of PSSPD on the structure under the optimal design parameters and different ground motions is studied. The results show that as a PSSPD belongs to an acceleration (force)-dependent damper, the energy of a controlled structure will be transferred if the particle collides, and the randomness of seismic spectrum enhances the probability of particle collision. A PSSPD has a fine damping effect for ground motions of different site types, and the site effect on damping ration is not significant. A PSSPD is more suitable for a middle and low-rise structure.