Abstract: Previous studies have shown that adding steel (S) fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber to concrete matrix at the same time to form S-PVA hybrid fiber concrete can significantly improve the comprehensive properties of concrete. The present study investigated the axial compressive and tensile behavior of concrete mixtures with hybrid steel-polyvinyl alcohol fibers. 17 groups of specimens with different fiber contents and aspect ratios were fabricated. Based on the test results, quantitative analyses on elastic modulus, toughness index, strains at peak stress, compression strength, and tensile strength were conducted. Finally, a mathematical model describing the stress-strain curve of steel-polyvinyl alcohol hybrid fiber reinforced concrete was proposed, which agreed well with the experimental curves and could be used for nonlinear analyses of relevant structures or components.