Abstract: IsoTruss structure is a one-dimensional (1D) lattice truss composite structure, and it attracts attentions in lightweight engineering structures. The compression behaviors of IsoTruss columns in uniaxial compression were studied through finite element modelling (FEM). Besides the material failure, there are two potential buckling failure modes: local buckling and global column buckling. It is revealed that the buckling mode and the critical buckling load change with the column length and the spiral angle of helical members. The research paper gives the critical buckling load theory of three failure modes in uniaxial compression, and compares their results of numerical simulation.