Abstract: A rational theoretical model is essential for structure analysis. The most widely used model in theoretical research for rocking structure is rocking rigid body model, which is systematically reviewed in this paper. The research origin and research status of rocking rigid body model are introduced. The classical rocking rigid body model, and other typical rocking rigid body model, as well as related experimental research, finite element simulation and application in structure system, are discussed. The advantages and limitations of existing rocking rigid body models are discussed and key issues in future study of rocking rigid body model are highlighted, which provides reference for the establishment of a more complete and practical rigid body model for rocking structure and its application to the analysis of rocking structure.