Abstract: To obtain a practical calculation method for the shear strength of light steel-framed composite walls covered with skin plates and a new type light steel-framed composite wall filled with foam concrete, four walls of identical dimensions, DD-1, DD-2, DD-1(D-300), DD-2(D-400), were subjected to monotonic loading and another two walls of identical dimensions, DZ-1(D-300), DZ-2(D-400), were subjected to reversed cyclic loading. On the experimental basis, a shear strength calculation method is established based on the bolt group failure model of light steel-framed composite walls covered with skin plates. The lightweight steel-lightweight concrete models and the strut-and-tie model are adopted to simplify the new type light steel-framed composite walls filled with foam concrete so as to derive a practical shear strength formula of the wall. The shear strength formula is revised according to the experimental results. The revised calculation results have good agreement with the experimental results. The lightweight steel-lightweight concrete model exhibits a higher agreement. The results can be used as a reference for structural design and construction.