刘多特, 李永乐. 风雪流滞空颗粒受力及运动行为的数值模拟[J]. 工程力学, 2018, 35(12): 15-24. DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.09.0672
引用本文: 刘多特, 李永乐. 风雪流滞空颗粒受力及运动行为的数值模拟[J]. 工程力学, 2018, 35(12): 15-24. DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.09.0672
LIU Duo-te, LI Yong-le. A NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON AERODYNAMIC FORCES AND MOTION BEHAVIORS OF SNOW GRANULES IN AIR[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2018, 35(12): 15-24. DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.09.0672
Citation: LIU Duo-te, LI Yong-le. A NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON AERODYNAMIC FORCES AND MOTION BEHAVIORS OF SNOW GRANULES IN AIR[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2018, 35(12): 15-24. DOI: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2017.09.0672

风雪流滞空颗粒受力及运动行为的数值模拟

A NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON AERODYNAMIC FORCES AND MOTION BEHAVIORS OF SNOW GRANULES IN AIR

  • 摘要: 为研究稀疏风雪流系统下滞空颗粒在介质中的变加速运动行为及非线性气动特性,以运动学微分方程为基础,建立了微观层面下不同粒径、密度颗粒的三维动网格计算模型。采用时间-空间离散的数值积分方法,求解了小时空尺度下,单个雪颗粒在静止空气及梯度风场中的自由沉降与强迫运动问题。通过对比不同颗粒参数及流场环境的模拟结果发现:颗粒自由沉降所能达到的终端线速度及对应稳定时间均随平均粒径及密度的增大而增大,粒径确定的情况下,相同时间内大密度颗粒沉降距离相对更远,自由沉降初期的非线性变速运动行为可近似考虑为小时空尺度问题;剪切流条件下,较小的风速梯度可能引起颗粒在来流及自重方向运动速度的波动,所受气动外力的改变总是滞后于运动速度的变化,强风环境下颗粒将具有更好的流场跟随性,其非线性变速阶段仍可视为小时空尺度问题。滞空雪颗粒在流场中的运动行为基本满足多相流理论的局部短时空尺度均衡假定。

     

    Abstract: This paper presents a numerical investigation on the variably accelerated motion behaviors and nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics of snow particles in air. Particle models with different sizes and densities are established by dynamic mesh technique. Based on the kinematic differential equation, free settlement and forced motion processes of idealized snow granules in stationary air and gradient flows are simulated respectively by a numerical integration method under short time and spatial length scales. The results indicate that:the terminal linear velocities in the gravity direction and the corresponding stabilization times increase with the average particle size and density. Under a specified grain diameter, higher particle densities provide greater motion displacements for snow particles within the same period. In the conditions of shear flows, smaller wind gradients lead to particle velocity fluctuations in both approaching and gravity directions, the development of aerodynamic forces lags behind the variation of particle velocities, and better flow-following abilities are produced by strong wind. The assumption of local equilibrium over short time and spatial length scales is applicable for both of the free settlement and forced motion particles in conventional drifting snow.

     

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