Abstract: In order to study the influence of new filler wall on the seismic performance of a steel frame structure, the mechanical behavior under monotonic and cyclic loading is analyzed based on the NFEA software ABAQUS. Furthermore, the whole size of filler wall and aspect ratio are taken into consideration. The result shows that the filler wall can dramatically improve not only bearing capacity of the frame, as well as its stiffness under horizontal loading, but also its good energy dissipation ability under cyclic loading. In addition, the whole size and aspect ratio also have an influence on structural bearing capacity and hysteretic performance, that is, the whole size of ground floor has more impact on mechanical behavior than any other floor and increase in bearing capacity but decrease in ductility by a diminution in aspect ratio. The conclusion given by this study will have a great referential value for engineering design