Abstract: The inefficient material removed in the traditional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) is only inefficient in some stages. If some of this material is not removed, it possibly does not become inefficient in the later optimization. The faulty removal of material possibly makes the subsequent optimization to be based on the previous faulty result. The Periodically Expanding Frame for the Evolutionary Structural Optimization (PEFESO) method is put forward in this paper. On the basis of ESO, this method periodically restores and checks the efficiency of the material removed around the remaining material and determines whether it should be restored to the structure or not, thusly PEFESO can effectively reduce the undesirable effect of ESO resulted from possibly faulty removal. PEFESO has a global optimization capacity at a certain degree with a better result than that of the traditional ESO. It is easy to be widely used in engineering.