Abstract: Based on the L-S generalized theory of thermoelasticity, the governing equations of the thermoelastic response with a sudden temperature change on the boundary are established. The analytical expressions for the one-dimensional heat transfer problems are deduced by Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform. The distributions of the temperature, the displacement and stress are calculated and analyzed, and the propagation of the thermal wave and the thermal stress wave are also obtained. The results indicate that the effects of a thermal shock that induced in the rapid transient heat conduction are weakened by the interaction between the thermal wave and the thermal stress wave.