Abstract: During service period, structures may be subject to different degrees of damage and destruction due to various loadings. In order to ensure the safety of structures and extend its safe service life, structural health monitoring and safety assessment must be conducted real-time. The Global Positioning System (GPS), owing to its attractive characteristics such as high efficiency, rapid determination, continuous operation and full automatization, has been used in health monitoring of large structures in recent years. A structural health monitoring system based on GPS is devised for a high-rise building. An experimental study is discussed in details. The relationship between wind and wind pressure on the building are analyzed using wavelet scalogram and wavelet coherence method. A statistical estimation method based on Monte Carlo simulation is presented to isolate meaningful coherence from the spurious noise. Finally, the responses of the high-rise building are investigated using the periodogram method, the results of which agree well with the computed results by the finite element method (FEM).