Abstract: This paper establishes a new mathematic model of placement optimization for displacement-based energy dissipative devices subjected to earthquake. Three response control indices are considered in this model. Firstly, five combination modes of these indices are presented. Secondly, with the number of dampers fixed, this paper deals with the optimal placement of these dampers for several building structures with different number of stories. In the analysis, ground motions characteristics at four types of sites are considered and genetic algorithms are used. Finally, step-by-step time history analyses are carried out to achieve the optimal combination of coefficients. Some examples are illustrated to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the new mathematic model for structural control.