Abstract: A standard swimming pool is planned to be designed on the roof of a building, and a large-span multi-functional conference room is located at the lower part of the swimming pool. The study of its anti-vibration performance has become the key to whether the design scheme can be implemented or not. The rooftop swimming pool is regarded as a tuned liquid damper (TLD) device. Based on the displacement-pressure finite element method, the fluid-structure coupling motion equation of TLD structure system is obtained. The solid model of fluid-structure coupling is established using ABAQUS software, and the equivalent tuned mass damper (equivalent TMD) model is established in SAUSAGE based on the TLD equivalent nonlinear tuned mass damper (TMD) theory. The influence of roof swimming pool on structural vibration resistance under seismic load is studied, and the vibration reduction efficiency of fluid-structure coupling is analyzed. The results show that the solution of the fluid-structure coupling motion equation is in good agreement with the displacement and acceleration time history curves obtained by numerical simulation using ABAQUS, thus the accuracy of the fluid-structure coupling motion equation is verified; The large-span roof standard swimming pool has obvious inhibitory effect on seismic response of the structure in X and Y directions, and the vibration damping effect of the first mode of the structure is better than that of the second mode; Compared with the equivalent TMD model without considering the fluid-structure coupling, the floor displacement and base vibration reduction rate of the fluid-structure coupling model under earthquake are significantly improved. The effect of fluid-structure coupling should be considered in the design of roof swimming pool.