Abstract: A component fragility curve depicts a statistical distribution that indicates the conditional probability of incurring damage at a given value of engineering demand parameter (e.g., lateral drift, rotation etc.). Component fragility curves are used for estimating the damage state and retrofitting method of components, which form the basis of assessment of structural seismic performance and resilience. Experimental data of 74 reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall specimens and 32 RC coupling beam specimens are collected and analyzed. All selected specimens satisfy the requirements of the Chinese code for seismic design of buildings (GB 50011-2010). After defining the damage states and corresponding retrofitting methods, the fragility curves of RC walls and coupling beams are developed, respectively, using the drift ratio and beam chord rotation as the engineering demand parameter. Furthermore, the influence of design axial force ratio on the fragility curves of RC walls and that of span-to-depth ratio on the fragility curves of RC coupling beams are analyzed and discussed. Finally, the developed fragility curves are compared with those in FEMA P-58. The difference between the two sets of fragility curves is discussed as well.