海上光伏阵列结构风致动力响应与疲劳损伤研究

RESEARCH ON WIND-INDUCED DYNAMIC RESPONSE AND FATIGUE DAMAGE OF OFFSHORE PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY STRUCTURES

  • 摘要: 该文以实际海上光伏阵列为案例,通过对阵列结构进行刚性模型风洞测压试验,获取了光伏阵列在0°~180°风向角范围内的平均风压系数及风压极值分布规律;采用SAP2000有限元软件计算并研究了光伏阵列在不同风向的风致振动特性,分析了位移时程功率谱密度分布特征;结合雨流计数法和Miner线性累积损伤准则对支撑结构关键节点进行疲劳累积损伤计算。研究表明:阵列边缘跨光伏组件在30°和150°斜风向下动力响应最显著,跨中组件则在0°和180°风向下最显著,结构最大振动响应与对应跨区风压大小呈正相关,振动响应呈现低频主导特性。关键节点的30年累积疲劳损伤为5.8×10−5,远低于规范限值,这表明该光伏阵列的服役环境相对安全,疲劳失效概率较低。该文可为海上光伏阵列结构的抗风设计提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Based on a case study of an operational offshore photovoltaic (PV) array, this study conducts wind tunnel pressure tests using a rigid model. The distributions of mean wind pressure coefficients and extreme wind pressure values on the PV array are obtained for wind directions ranging from 0° to 180°. Wind-induced vibration responses under various wind directions are analyzed using the finite element software (i.e., SAP2000), and the distribution characteristics of power spectral density for the time history of displacement are analyzed. Fatigue cumulative damage at key nodes of the support structure is evaluated by integrating the rain-flow counting method with the cumulative damage by Miner’s rule. Results indicate that the PV modules located at the edge of PV array experience the most significant dynamic responses at the wind directions of 30° and 150°, whereas the mid-span modules exhibit peak responses at 0° and 180°. Besides, the maximum vibration response of the structure is positively correlated with the corresponding wind pressure magnitude, and the vibration response shows a dominant low-frequency characteristic. The 30-year cumulative fatigue damage at critical structural nodes is calculated as 5.8×10-5, substantially lower than the code-specified limit. This indicates that the service environment of this PV array is appropriately safe and the associated probability of fatigue failure is low. These findings provide valuable references for the wind-resistant design of offshore PV array structures.

     

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