功能梯度薄膜无褶皱优化设计

OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF WRINKLE-FREE FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MEMBRANES

  • 摘要: 薄膜结构在柔性电子和可展开结构等领域应用广泛,但抗弯刚度不足易引发褶皱,从而导致电子器件损伤或帆板推进效率下降等问题。现有薄膜褶皱抑制方案虽有良好的效果,但大多面临着有效面积损失或制备工艺复杂等制约。本文提出基于功能梯度模量分布的无褶皱优化设计方法。建立以负应力面积最小化为目标的优化模型,采用多岛遗传算法求解最优模量参数。优化解在非线性有限元模拟中表现出优异的褶皱抑制性能及鲁棒性,且分布趋势与双曲正切函数高度吻合。在此基础上,构造双曲正切型经验公式优化模型,结合实际的材料参数给出优化解,并基于紫外光选区照射技术实现制备,实验验证了该模型的有效性。最后,基于弹性力学叠加法,定性解释了最优模量分布抑制褶皱的机理。该研究为工程薄膜结构提供了一种零面积损失且易于制备的褶皱抑制方案。

     

    Abstract: Membrane structures are widely used in the fields such as flexible electronics and deployable structures, yet their insufficient bending stiffness often induces wrinkles, leading to electronic device damage or reducing propulsion efficiency. Existing wrinkle suppression approaches, though effective, suffer from effective area loss or from complicated manufacturing processes. This study proposes a wrinkle-free design method through functionally graded Young's modulus distribution. An optimization model minimizing negative principal stress area was established, with optimal gradient parameters determined using a multi-island genetic algorithm. The optimized solution demonstrates excellent wrinkle suppression performance and robustness in nonlinear finite element simulations, with its distribution closely matching a hyperbolic tangent function. Building on this foundation, a hyperbolic tangent empirical model was constructed, with optimal solutions derived considering actual material parameters. The designed gradient structure was fabricated via spatioselective ultraviolet (UV) exposure, with experimental results validating the design effectiveness. The superposition principle in elastic mechanics qualitatively reveals the wrinkle suppression mechanism. This research provides a zero-area loss and fabrication friendly solution for engineering membrane structures.

     

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