Abstract: Assembled supports and hangers are widely adopted by building electromechanical systems, where the mechanical performance of connection joints is critical to overall structural safety and stability. This study investigates the shear failure mechanism of interlocking bolt connections in such systems. Seven shear specimens with varying combinations of bolt installation torque, channel section profiles, and nut tooth configurations were tested to evaluate their effects on shear performance. Study results indicate that failure primarily occurs through shearing of channel teeth, edge deformation, and partial nut tooth damage. Increasing the torque from 20 N·m to 30 N·m enhances the yield, peak, and residual shear capacities by 29.07%, 32.91%, and 53.10%, respectively. A validated high-fidelity finite element model revealed the shear failure mechanism and analyzed the effects of channel steel strength and tooth combinations. Using parallel-tooth nuts increases yield capacity by up to 55.17% compared to staggered-tooth nuts. These findings provide a theoretical support for improving the safety and reliability of interlocking bolt connections in assembled supports and hanger systems.