Abstract: Conducting research on the punching shear capacity of prestressed concrete (PC) slab-column connections after cooling from high-temperature, as a high-frequency disaster scenario, holds significant engineering value for evaluating the post-disaster safety of slab-column structures and mitigating collapse risks. To investigate the punching shear resisting mechanism of PC slab-column connections after fire exposure, this study developed a high-fidelity numerical model of PC slab-column connections based on a thermal-mechanical sequential coupling method. The model was validated by comparing it with experimental results of punching tests in ambient-temperature PC slab-column connections and in post high-temperature RC slab-column connections. Using the validated model, the effects of cooling after high temperature on the failure modes and punching shear mechanisms of PC slab-column connections were investigated. Furthermore, analyzed was the influence of key parameters, including bonding conditions of prestressed tendons (bonded/unbonded), tendon layout configurations, and effective prestress, on the post-fire punching shear mechanism of PC slab-column connections. The results indicate that after cooling from high-temperature exposure, the PC slab-column connections exhibit an 8.1% reduction in punching shear capacity, while its deformation capacity increases by 58.0%. Differential thermal expansion between prestressed tendons and concrete induced interfacial shear slip at high temperatures, generating damaging shear stresses in bonded connections. Unbonded configurations avoided stress accumulation through free sliding, thereby achieving superior post-fire performance. After cooling from high-temperature exposure, the deformability and punching shear capacity of trapezoidally arranged PC slab-column connections exceed those of parabolic arrangements by 12.3% and 6.4%, respectively. Increasing the effective prestress enhances both the stiffness and punching shear capacity of PC slab-column connections following cooling from high temperature.