Abstract: Metro-induced vibration may impact the comfortability of people and the operation of equipment in buildings adjacent to metros. To study the vibration responses of reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall structures under vertical metro-induced vibration, a 10-story RC shear wall structure was designed as the prototype structure, and four on-site measured metro-induced vibrations were adopted as inputs to perform 1/10-scaled shaking table tests. The dynamic characteristics of the structure were clarified. The distributions of vertical acceleration response along the horizontal floor slab and the building height were identified. The results indicate that the structure basically remains elastic under the metro-induced vibrations. The vertical acceleration generally increases with the increase of the height, and the maximum acceleration amplification coefficient appears on the 9th floor with a maximum value up to 6.13. The maximum vibration intensity of the 9th floor is 1.13 times that of the 1st floor and 1.29 times that of the shaking table. The vertical acceleration at the center of the floor is much higher than that at the corner of the floor, with a relative difference of 14% to 30%. The experimental results of this research can provide important reference for further investigation on relative studies.