领域知识嵌入的土木工程智能分析方法研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE EMBEDDED STRUCTURAL INTELLIGENT ANALYSIS METHODS

  • 摘要: 过去几十年中,土木工程领域积累的丰富数据为机器学习和深度学习等人工智能技术的应用与发展奠定了坚实的基础。多数应用主要是以“即插即用”的模式开展,缺乏对土木工程领域独特的知识体系的融合和理解,其适用性和适用范围方面存在的诸多制约日渐引起研究人员的关注,由此发展出领域知识嵌入智能分析方法这一新的研究方向。为系统总结梳理该方向的最新研究进展,该文针对土木工程领域知识嵌入智能分析方法研究进行全面综述。利用文献计量学软件对检索获取的相关文献进行发表时间、发表机构、关键词共现等分析,总结领域知识融合方法的研究成果和研究热点。进一步系统性地归纳与分析物理引导、物理增强、物理校正以及物理约束这四种领域知识融合方法。探讨领域知识嵌入智能分析方法面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。

     

    Abstract: Over the past several decades, the abundant and comprehensive data accumulated in the civil engineering field has laid a solid foundation for the application and development of artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning and deep learning. Most applications have primarily followed a "plug-and-play" approach, lacking understanding and fusion with the unique knowledge systems of civil engineering. Various constraints in applicability and application scope caused by aforementioned issues have increasingly drawn attention from researchers, leading to the emergence of domain knowledge embedded intelligent analysis methods as a new research focus. To systematically sort out and summarize the research progress and state-of-the-art technologies in this field, this study provides a comprehensive review of domain knowledge embedded intelligent analysis methods in civil engineering. Bibliometric analysis software is used to analysis relevant publications in terms of publication time, of institutions, and of keyword co-occurrence, of highlighting the research achievements and of hotspots in domain knowledge fusion methods. This is followed by a systematic abstract and analysis of four major domain knowledge fusion methods: physics-guided, physics-enhanced, physics-corrected, and physics-constrained approaches. The challenges and future directions for domain knowledge embedded intelligent analysis methods are discussed.

     

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