Abstract: In order to further reveal the mechanical mechanism of high performance box composite structures and effectively improve their overall performances, four types of concrete wing modes were defined to carry out theoretical research on toughening model of high performance box composite structures. By establishing the shear-lag warpage displacement model and interfacial slip model, the governing differential equation was derived by considering the interaction between shear-lag behaviors and interfacial slips, and the theoretical analytical solution of the toughening model was obtained under uniformly distributed load. Further, with the interfacial slip, shear-lag coefficient and concrete material as the toughness indices, the optimization calculation and analysis of the proposed toughening model show that: Type II toughening model is only affected by shear lag by 0.04%-0.05%, and the concrete material consumption is reduced by 35.00%. It is the optimal high-performance box composite toughening model based on the coupled behaviors of shear lag and slip among the four models, which conveniently provides technical support for the design of toughness indices of water conservancy and civil engineering.